全文获取类型
收费全文 | 519篇 |
免费 | 59篇 |
国内免费 | 110篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 109篇 |
废物处理 | 9篇 |
环保管理 | 82篇 |
综合类 | 283篇 |
基础理论 | 80篇 |
污染及防治 | 35篇 |
评价与监测 | 19篇 |
社会与环境 | 34篇 |
灾害及防治 | 37篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 24篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 19篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 31篇 |
2016年 | 39篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 30篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 41篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 31篇 |
2007年 | 42篇 |
2006年 | 40篇 |
2005年 | 23篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有688条查询结果,搜索用时 842 毫秒
131.
132.
基于山西省11城市2015~2019年PM2.5日均浓度、社会影响因素数据和气象数据,利用小波变换确定PM2.5浓度周期,通过Spearman相关性和小波相干谱分别探究PM2.5与社会影响因素和气象因素的关联,确定PM2.5长短周期管控的主要影响因子.结果表明,2015~2017年山西省PM2.5浓度年均值呈上升趋势,年均上升率为4.3%, 2018~2019年呈下降趋势,年均下降率为4.2%;ρ(PM2.5)月均值呈“U”型分布,1月最高(95μg·m-3), 8月最低(34μg·m-3),冬季均值约为夏季的2倍;临汾等南部城市ρ(PM2.5)均值为62μg·m-3,大同等北部城市均值为45μg·m-3,空间上呈南高北低.11城市PM2.5浓度存在显著周期性变化,主要周期包括293 d左右的长周期和27 d左右的短周期.其中... 相似文献
133.
为探究山东半岛在长时间序列上的臭氧(O3)时空分布特征及潜在来源,在分析山东半岛2005~2020年O3浓度时空变化的基础上,运用小波分析、熵权法和相关性分析对O3及其影响因素进行了探讨,并对山东半岛O3的潜在来源进行研究.结果表明:(1)时间格局上,山东半岛地区近地面臭氧2005~2020年间呈现出“三峰型”趋势,2010年达到最大值[(40.48±7.64)μg·m-3], 2013年为最小值[(36.63±5.61)μg·m-3].季节表现为:夏季[(42.49±1.7)μg·m-3]>春季[(40.65±0.6)μg·m-3]>秋季[(36.47±0.7)μg·m-3>冬季[(36.46±0.3)μg·m-3].(2)空间格局上,2005~2020年山东半岛O3浓度随着纬度的升高而逐渐升高,呈现出东西部高,中部低的特征,O... 相似文献
134.
杭州城市热岛空间分布及时域-频域多尺度变化特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用杭州20个自动气象站逐时数据计算2006年四季各站平均热岛强度,用薄盘样条函数法研究杭州城市热岛的空间变化,发现:夏秋季时较强,而春冬季强度较弱;总体趋势是杭州市丰体城区最大,向外辐散,逐渐减弱.利用2006年2月~2007年2月逐时气象数据,结合Morlet小波变换方法分析了杭州热岛周期变化特征,发现:其在频域上具有多尺度的周期振荡,尺度主要是24 h(日)、168 h(周)和1 490 h(2月).以日为周期的热岛强度与局地气候系统、地面长波辐射、近地层热量交换、人为热的日周期变化有关;而以周为周期的热岛强度变化成因主要与人类活动及城市大气污染物排放的"周末效应"有显著的关系;以2个月为周期的变化特征与一些较大尺度的自然变化相关.结果表明,杭州城市热岛时空变化是天气系统、地面长波辐射、下垫面、大气污染、人为热、人类活动、近地层热量交换等共同作用的结果. 相似文献
135.
Christine R. Maher 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2009,63(6):857-868
Solitary species show several patterns of space use and relatedness. Individuals may associate randomly or may live near female
or male kin, often as a result of natal philopatry or dispersal patterns. Although usually described as solitary or asocial,
woodchucks (Marmota monax) are behaviorally flexible marmots that exhibit greater sociality in some populations than others. I examined relationships
between kinship, geographic distance, and home range overlap, as well as dispersal and philopatry, to determine the extent
to which kin associated spatially. I used a combination of microsatellite DNA analysis, long-term behavioral observations,
and radiotelemetry to test predictions that females, but not males, would associate with kin. Indeed, woodchucks lived closer
and shared a greater proportion of their home range with more closely related animals. Overlap of females' and males' home
ranges was positively correlated with kinship, and male–female dyads shared more area with closer kin. Most juveniles delayed
dispersal beyond their first summer. Females often remained philopatric and settled near their natal range. Although males
often dispersed as yearlings, some males also established territories within or immediately adjacent to their natal home ranges.
A combination of factors can explain these spatial patterns, including high population density associated with the study site's
location within a suburban environment, high dispersal costs, and abundant food. Thus, despite their asocial and solitary
reputation, woodchucks displayed spatial patterns seen in other, more social species of ground-dwelling sciurids. 相似文献
136.
人工湿地系统对污水的处理效果好,工艺简单,投资运行费用低,但影响其出水水质的因素很多,并且往往是非线性的,因此目前很难将这些影响因素模型化并用于水质预测. 已有的预测方法不是过于复杂就是预测精度不高. 神经网络是一种具有较强预测能力的新方法,适用于各种非线性模型的预测. 在小试研究的基础上,使用3种不同的、经过训练的小波神经网络,对芦苇潜流人工湿地沿程各采样口的水温,ρ(DO),pH,Eh和ρ(CODCr)等水质指标进行了预测. 结果显示,各指标的平均相对误差分别为:水温≤4.21%,pH≤1.36%,ρ(DO)≤9.77%,Eh≤6.50%,ρ(CODCr)≤17.76%,表明小波神经网络模型适用于人工湿地模型的预测. 相似文献
137.
C. Santhi J. G. Arnold J. R. Williams W. A. Dugas R. Srinivasan L. M. Hauck 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(5):1169-1188
ABSTRACT: The State of Texas has initiated the development of a Total Maximum Daily Load program in the Bosque River Watershed, where point and nonpoint sources of pollution are a concern. Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was validated for flow, sediment, and nutrients in the watershed to evaluate alternative management scenarios and estimate their effects in controlling pollution. This paper discusses the calibration and validation at two locations, Hico and Valley Mills, along the North Bosque River. Calibration for flow was performed from 1960 through 1998. Sediment and nutrient calibration was done from 1993 through 1997 at Hico and from 1996 through 1997 at Valley Mills. Model validation was performed for 1998. Time series plots and statistical measures were used to verify model predictions. Predicted values generally matched well with the observed values during calibration and validation (R2≥ 0.6 and Nash‐Suttcliffe Efficiency ≥ 0.5, in most instances) except for some underprediction of nitrogen during calibration at both locations and sediment and organic nutrients during validation at Valley Mills. This study showed that SWAT was able to predict flow, sediment, and nutrients successfully and can be used to study the effects of alternative management scenarios. 相似文献
138.
LY12CZ铝合金在EXCO溶液中的腐蚀行为研究 总被引:11,自引:6,他引:5
研究了35℃条件下LY12CZ铝合金在质量分数为20%的EXCO溶液中的腐蚀行为。利用体视显微镜测量了试样的最大腐蚀深度。实验中发现平行试样之间的最大腐蚀深度具有分散性.经检验确定其分布规律符合正态分布。实验数据表明LY12CZ铝合金在质量分数为20%的EXCO溶液中的腐蚀过程可分为3个阶段:最初的14h内符合S型曲线规律.为点蚀的萌生及发展阶段:随后发展为剥蚀阶段.其中14~120h呈线性规律,120h后呈二项式规律发展至实验结束。 相似文献
139.
140.
Wayne J. Graham 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2000,36(5):953-963
ABSTRACT: The probable maximum flood (PMF) currently serves as the design standard for many U.S. dams. Floods used for design have increased and currently thousands of dams in the U.S. would be overtopped and possibly fail using the latest calculated PMF at each dam site. Some researchers have suggested that modifying dams to accommodate the PMF could be wasteful. Objections to using the PMF for dam modification include: (1) larger spillway capacity may increase annual downstream flood losses, (2) benefit‐cost ratios may be low, (3) construction accidents associated with dam modification may cause fatalities, and (4) the dollar amount spent to save lives by making dams safer is often very high. Based on these objections, a procedure is presented for evaluating the effectiveness of a proposed dam modification. A change in spillway design policy is recommended. Accepting the status quo at a dam that cannot accommodate the PMF may be the best course of action. 相似文献